Otto Dix
Otto Dix (1891–1969) was one of the most uncompromising German artists of the twentieth century. Trained in Dresden and marked permanently by service in the First World War, he transformed personal trauma into brutally exact images of trenches, wounded veterans, prostitution, corruption and urban survival. In the 1920s he became central to Neue Sachlichkeit, or New Objectivity, using old-master technique, sharp drawing and acidic realism to expose the violence and hypocrisy of Weimar society. Works such as The Trench and the print cycle Der Krieg made war visible without heroism, while his portraits dissected social masks with almost surgical precision. Under the Nazi regime, Dix was dismissed from his Dresden Academy post, labelled “degenerate” and forced toward safer subjects. After 1945 he continued with religious, landscape and postwar themes, but his legacy remains rooted in his fearless refusal to beautify modern history.